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 Jim Brown makes and measures "exotic" nuclei, and his students join him for the creation.
"Serendipity is a lie," says physics professor Jim Brown. Such happy accidents, he insists, "only happen when you work to create the conditions for them to happen."
All the more reason for Brown to stop by the so-called "serendipitous spaces" on the third floor of Goodrich Hall鈥攚ork areas designed to increase encounters between students and their teachers. And that鈥檚 where you find him today, discussing a sophomore鈥檚 physics problem. The student thinks he has solved the equation, but can鈥檛 explain it.
"I think you鈥檙e actually right, but I don鈥檛 like that you don鈥檛 know why," Brown says.
A junior physics major asks Brown to look over the results of an experiment he is running, pointing to figures at the bottom of the page.
"Everything before this is unusable data," he says.
"Why?" Brown asks, eyes sliding up the page and leveling off eye-to-eye with the student. When the young man鈥檚 explanation doesn鈥檛 sway the professor, Brown good-naturedly chides him to get back to work.
"The beauty of physics is that you don鈥檛 have to remember a lot. There are a few powerful ideas, and if you know how to use them to work from a starting point to a conclusion, you don鈥檛 have to remember the specific arguments," Brown says as we walk toward his office. "But you have to work through enough of these arguments to know how to construct them."
Brown鈥檚 students get plenty of practice at that.
"Half of our students will go on to grad school, and our goal is to prepare them to compete at that level," Brown says. "Today that means they鈥檒l need to have a substantial research experience some time in their undergraduate career."
Brown can provide that as well.
From a desk cluttered with papers beside a table stacked with books, Brown talks about the research he鈥檚 most excited about鈥攁nd how it benefits his students.
The photograph of Jim Brown on his 91成人短视频 Web site homepage shows him beside the College鈥檚 eight-inch Meade Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope.
"The rules of physics apply to the very large and the very small," Brown says. "That鈥檚 something that appealed to me from the moment I first became interested in physics in junior high.
That鈥檚 when he presented a book report on an article in The Progressive magazine that contained blueprints showing how to build a hydrogen bomb.
"I probably got a little carried away on that one," Brown laughs.
These days he鈥檚 focused on even smaller things鈥攎aking "exotic" nuclei.
"Exotic" is an attention-grabbing way of describing unstable atomic nuclei鈥攖hose with more neutrons than protons, or vice versa. In his research at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL) at Michigan State University, Brown and his colleagues create exotic nuclei by accelerating a stable nucleus to a third the speed of light and letting it strike another nucleus in a target. The exotic nuclei then break up and Brown measures the speed and direction of the neutrons with the modular neutron array he helped to develop after his post-doctoral research days in the early 90s.
Most exotic nuclei can鈥檛 be found naturally on earth. But they do occur in stellar explosions and play an important role in the development of elements. Studying them paints a picture of the inner structure of nucleus and how it works, but also helps us understand how the elements evolved and how stars live and die.
91成人短视频 interns have studied alongside Brown and others at NSCL since the professor鈥檚 arrival at the College in 2003. It鈥檚 an experience that certainly qualifies as the "substantial research" today鈥檚 physics undergraduates need.
It puts them near the edge of what Brown calls the "uncharted territory" of physics.
On the otherwise naked walls of Brown鈥檚 office is the 3鈥檟5鈥� "Chart of the Nuclides," a graphic representation of the nuclei of all the possible natural and man-made isotopes of elements from the periodic table, along with the "magic number" of neutrons and protons that make them stable. The chart has many gray boxes, which represent nuclei of isotopes you鈥檒l find on earth naturally. There are many more orange and yellow boxes, indicating manmade isotopes. But the largest area of the chart is blank.
"All these open, white spaces鈥攖hat represents the nuclides that have yet to be created and measured," Brown says. "It鈥檚 terra incognito鈥攗ncharted territory."
Moving further into that uncharted territory is what most excites Brown about his research. For this summer, he has funding from the National Science Foundation to continue his work with the modular neutron array at NSCL. Down the road, he鈥檚 contemplating smaller-scale but more leading edge explorations of the nuclear force and the structure of nuclei. Having earned tenure in December, Brown will be entering that unknown territory with students alongside him.
Our conversation returns to the professor鈥檚 distrust of serendipity鈥攑articularly when it comes to careers for 91成人短视频 physics graduates.
"We鈥檙e on a good research track in the department, we鈥檝e been doing innovative things and more laboratory teaching than we used to," Brown says. "We鈥檝e been working our students pretty hard, and, like good 91成人短视频 students, they鈥檙e willing to work hard."
So when Brown learned that recent physics grad Suniti Karunitillake 鈥�01 found his dream job working with the Mars Rover team at Cornell University, he wasn鈥檛 surprised.
"Good things happened to Suniti at Cornell, but it was hardly serendipity," Brown says. "He chose that place for good reasons, he searched for opportunities, and he had worked hard. When the job came up, he was up to the challenge and ready."
When it comes to exploring uncharted territory鈥攚hether on Mars or inside exotic nuclei鈥擝rown says, "Our students are ready."
Contact Professor Brown at brownj@wabash.edu
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